Walking among skyscraper-sized boulders is a rush you rarely get in New York—yet four “rock cities” cluster just 2–2½ hours southwest of Rochester. Carved by ancient rivers, uplifted plateaus, and (in some cases) glaciers, each site tells a different geologic story and offers a distinct hiking vibe.
Visitor Tips:
Footwear & fitness: Expect uneven, often slippery stone surfaces—grippy shoes and slow, careful footing win the day.
Driving loop: You can squeeze two parks into a long day, but plan an overnight or a series of day trips to savor them all.
Seasonality: All four sites are best between May and October; I highly recommend fall!
A Cluster of Rock Cities
This map shows the proximity of the massive rock parks in the southwestern corner of New York State.
Rock City Park, Olean
Where: Olean, Cattaraugus Co. (≈ 2 hr / 100 mi)
Cost (2025): $8 adult, $5 ages 6-12; leashed pets allowed
Trail vibe: A half-mile loop (expect ~one mile total with museum and overlook) winds past landmark stones—Fat Man’s Squeeze, Tepee Rock, Sentinel Rock, Balancing Rock—before climbing back to Signal Rock’s 35-mile view.
Extras: Gift-shop museum with fluorescent-mineral room; picnic area; seasonal gem-and-fossil show.
Why go: It’s the world’s most significant exposure of quartz conglomerate, deposited by ancient rivers 320 million years ago and later tilted and fractured into today’s “skyscrapers.”
Little Rock City (Rock City & McCarty Hill State Forest)
Where: Little Valley, Cattaraugus Co. (≈ 2 hr 15 min / 110 mi from ROC). Access the trail from the end of Little Rock City Forest Road at the turnaround loop.
Cost: Free; leashed pets welcome
Trail vibe: A short, unmarked loop threads through moss-carpeted alleys and house-sized Olean Conglomerate blocks. The DEC’s Little Rock City Nature Trail links to the North Country National Scenic Trail, so you can wander as long—or as little—as you like.
Why go: Zero crowds, photo-ready light filtering through tall hemlocks, and the freedom to scramble at will (no railings here). Pack water; there are no services.
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Little Rock City in Rock City State Forest
It is free to explore Little Rock City. You could spend 20 minutes or two hours wandering through the boulders, some as large as houses.
Thunder Rocks (Allegany State Park – Red House Area)
Where: Allegany State Park, Cattaraugus Co. (≈ 2 hr 15 min / 120 mi)
Cost: Park entrance fee per vehicle (free with Empire Pass)
Trail vibe: A short, mostly flat loop meanders around and over a city block of immense sandstone blocks—perfect for kids and casual explorers. Scrambling is allowed; many rocks have “faces” and mini caves.
Why go: Pair the rocks with a full day in Allegany State Park—lake swimming, fire-tower views, and 90+ miles of additional trails.
Empire Pass hack: Borrow a free Empire Pass from many Monroe County libraries to waive Allegany’s vehicle fee.
Panama Rocks Scenic Park
Located in Panama, near Jamestown.
- Where: Panama, Chautauqua Co. (≈ 2 hr 30 min / 165 mi)
- Cost (2025): $10 adult, $8 ages 6-12; advance online tickets recommended
- Rules: No pets; guests under 18 must be with an adult; single-use plastics discouraged.
- Trail vibe: A mile-long loop of narrow crevices and slot-canyon twists through 60-foot Devonian sandstone walls. Side challenges include permitted bouldering and a mini axe-throwing range near the entrance.
- Why go: The park feels like a movie set—towering “streets,” ferny ledges, and deep shade that stays 10° cooler on summer days.
Trip-Planning Tips
Combine & conquer:
Day 1: Panama Rocks (morning) → Jamestown lunch → Little Rock City (afternoon).
Day 2: Rock City Park → Allegany State Park & Thunder Rocks.
Stay overnight: Ellicottville and Salamanca sit between the parks and offer lodging, breweries, and restaurants.
Weather watch: Sandstone &and conglomerate get slick fast—skip heavy rain days.
Leave no trace: Carving names into rock was fashionable in the 1890s—today it earns fines. Pack out all trash, respect moss and lichens, and keep pets leashed where allowed.
More Geological Inspiration
- NY DEC video playlist on Western NY bedrock origins (great primer before you go)
- Panama Rocks’ geology handout for an in-depth look at its Devonian past
- Little Rock City is on state land, and the DEC has a great article to familiarize you with the area.
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Ellicottville offers the perfect combination of outdoor adventures, boutique shopping, craft beverages, and delicious dining.
From Vidler’s to the Aurora Theatre to the Roycroft Arts & Crafts movement, the early 1900s are alive and well on Main Street in East Aurora.
Geologic History of the Rochester Area
These day trips into Rochester’s geologic history will remind you just how amazing our corner of the Earth is.
50 New York State Parks Within a Two-Hour Drive of Rochester
Venture into one of these New York State Parks within a two-hour drive of Rochester and discover what makes them unique.
Penn Dixie Fossil Park and Nature Reserve
Penn Dixie Fossil Park is a hidden gem just 10 miles south of Buffalo. Visitors can find and collect 380 million-year-old fossils.
80+ Hiking Trails Around Rochester
Less traveled than in our parks, these hiking trails around Rochester offer a secluded and rustic area to immerse yourself in nature.
Have you been to one of our rock cities?
I’d love to hear from you—please share your thoughts and experiences in the comments below.
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Thank you!
Debi
Enjoy the Journey Together!
Is there a particular one you recommend visiting with little kids/little legs?
I think that Thunder Rocks in Allegany State Park is the easiest to walk right in. Little Rock City requires climbing down from the top of the rocks. Rock City in Olean and Panama Rock both have admission fees and have more climbing aspects. Borrow an Empire Pass from a Monroe County library to access Allegany for free.
I just learned about rock cities and thanks to your awesome site discovered there are 4 clustered together right here close-ish to Rochester! While I would love to hit all four, my family would object. Could you recommend the one (or 2) that would top your list? Thank you!
What’s great, too, Andrea, is that they are all different experiences and were created using different processes. Not all are glacier made! You must visit them all.